Plant Cell Culture Approach for Secondary Metabolites Production: A Mini Review
Keywords:
Bioreactor, Elicitation, In vitro Culture, Phytocompounds, Secondary metabolites., Suspension cultureAbstract
Plants are invaluable source of diverse range of metabolites, which are a small organic molecule produced during cellular metabolism. They are grouped into primary metabolite and secondary metabolites on the basis of their functions. Secondary metabolites are functional bioactive compounds that ensures species ‘fitness for survival. They play crucial role in defense, adaptation to environmental stress, cell signalling and utilized commercially for production of Pharmaceuticals, insecticides, dyes, flavors and fragrances. The conventional extraction method which relies on cultivation of whole plant is often constrained by environmental variability, seasonal dependency, growth and overexploitation of endangered species. Plant cell culture has emerged as a promising biotechnological approach for consistent and large-scale metabolite production. In this technique the culture is derived from explant under aseptic condition in nutrient media enabling large scale production independent of traditional limitations. Furthermore, the wide scale use of strategies such as elicitation, genetic manipulation, biotransformation, culture optimization has further contributed to improved yield. The present review highlights the significance of plant cell culture as suitable and potential approach for improving yield of secondary metabolites and examine its implementation for modern biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.Downloads
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